![]() That new configuration, however, is hardly what the Bush administration imagined it might be in the heady days after the fall of Saddam's regime in 2003. ![]() ![]() While Iraq remains profoundly unsettled, the outlines of a new regional power configuration were forming by the end of 2008. The Gulf War began early in the morning on 17 January when the United States exploited its intelligence and targeting assets, cruise missiles, and offensive. The Iraq War and the subsequent American occupation of Iraq dramatically changed the power realities of the Gulf. Absent the shock of 9/11, it would not have been possible for the Iraq war hawks in the Bush administration to carry the day, either within the administration, in Congress or in American public opinion. Fought in 1990-91, this conflict saw the largest single deployment of British troops since the Second World War (1939-45). The American invasion of Iraq also stemmed directly from the attacks. The attacks led to the most serious crisis in the Saudi–American relationship since the 1973–74 oil embargo. 17 with a massive American-led air campaign, which devastated Iraq’s military forces and infrastructure. Saudi Arabia was the source not only of the personnel who carried out the attacks, but also of much of the ideological fervor and many of the logistical networks that underlay the growth of the salafi jihadist movement in the 1980s and 1990s. The allied military offensive began on Jan. Fifteen of the nineteen 9/11 hijackers were Saudis and two were from the UAE. Saddam Husseins invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990, unleashed an extraordinary series of events that culminated. America went to war against Iraq under the United Nations Charter to repel Saddam Husseins 1990 invasion of Kuwait. Thanks to developments both local and globalthe war between Iran and Iraq. ![]() Usama bin Laden is a Saudi and his animus toward the United States originated largely, though not completely, in his opposition to American policy in the Gulf. policy toward the region of the Persian Gulf has changed more and more. The 9/11 plot was hatched in Afghanistan and implemented in the United States, but both its origins and its repercussions were centered directly in the Persian Gulf. ![]()
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